Influence of restricted mobility of the knee joint on support ability of the lower extremities (experimental studies)

Authors

  • V.A. Filipenko State Institution “Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • Z.A. Arutiunian State Institution “Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • V.O. Mezentcev State Institution “Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • V.O. Tankut State Institution “Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • O.D. Karpinskaya State Institution “Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • M.Yu. Karpinsky State Institution “Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kharkiv, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22141/1608-1706.5.20.2019.185553

Keywords:

contracture, knee joint, arthroplasty

Abstract

Background. The most common complication after knee replacement is the development of postoperative contractures. The cause of contractures of the knee joint is a long restriction of limb movements before surgery due to pain, and after — due to insufficiently active rehabilitation. Monitoring of the patient’s recovery after arthroplasty and timely correction of the rehabilitation process is the key to the quality of long-term results of knee arthroplasty. The purpose was to determine the features of human statographic indicators in artificial modeling of knee joint contracture. Materials and methods. The study involved 6 healthy volunteers who underwent fixation of the joints with orthoses. Standard statographic studies were performed. Standard statogram data were analyzed. Results. In two-leg standing, the least displacement in the frontal plane is observed when standing without joint fixation (3.28 mm), and in the sagittal one, a significantly greater (p < 0.05) displacement of the common center of mass (CCM) (up to 26.62 mm) was observed compared to the CCM with a fixed knee joint (15.4 mm). Similar changes are observed with other types of standing, that is, fixation of the knee joint leads to a decrease in the deviation of the CCM in the sagittal plane compared to the values of standing without fixing the joint. No significant changes were detected in the frontal plane, although a decrease in the fluctuation was noted. When the knee joint is fixed during two-leg standing, an increase in the path length from 15 to 20 % is observed, and predominant support on a fixed limb leads to a decrease in the length of fluctuation trajectory by 3.42 %. When relying on an unfixed limb, an increase in the path length by about 30 % is observed. The patterns of change in the swing speed are similar to the change in the path length. Single-leg standing is characterized by smooth oscillation, both in the anterior and sagittal planes. On both limbs, the amplitudes of the oscillations are almost the same, although when leaning on the right limb, the volunteer body goes forward, and when leaning on the left limb, it moves moderately backward. When standing with a fixed right knee joint, the oscillation amplitude in the frontal plane does not exceed 5–7 mm, but there is a shift in the CCM to the right, that is, towards the fixed limb. The amplitude of the oscillations in the sagittal plane increases to 20 mm, and there is a moderate tendency to move the CCM forward. Conclusions. Modeling the contracture in the knee joint by fixing it increases the swing of the body in two-leg standing in the front plane and reduces the swing in the sagittal plane compared to standing without joint fixation. Leaning on a limb with a fixed knee joint in the frontal plane is less than when standing without fixing the joints. Fixation of the knee joint with two-leg standing leads to a slight increase in the amplitude of the swing and moderate movement of the body towards the fixed limb during the study. Leaning on a fixed limb leads to the appearance of short-term small impulses, and the body moves in the direction of the fixed limb. The above indicates a negative effect of contractures on the support ability of the lower limbs.

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References

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Published

2021-11-03

How to Cite

Filipenko, V., Arutiunian, Z., Mezentcev, V., Tankut, V., Karpinskaya, O., & Karpinsky, M. (2021). Influence of restricted mobility of the knee joint on support ability of the lower extremities (experimental studies). TRAUMA, 20(5), 28–40. https://doi.org/10.22141/1608-1706.5.20.2019.185553

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Section

Original Researches

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